JAVA实现对包含数字、字母、中文的字符串按首字母排序

最近项目中有新的需求，需要对包含数字、字母、中文的字符串按首字母排序。看似简单，但是实现起来却很难。因为这里面包含了中文，不能单纯的取首字母的ASSIC值进行比较。考虑到最终是根据英文字母进行比较的，索性将字符串统统转化成拼音字符串进行处理。具体的代码如下。

---

PinyinUtils.java

package com.fangshuo;

import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.PinyinHelper;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinCaseType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinOutputFormat;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinToneType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.exception.BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination;

/**
 * 汉字转换为拼音
 * @author Red
 */
public class PinyinUtils {
    /**
     * 获取字符串拼音的第一个字母
     * @param chinese
     * @return
     */
    public static String ToFirstChar(String chinese){         
        String pinyinStr = "";  
        char[] newChar = chinese.toCharArray();  //转为单个字符
        HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat(); 
        defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);  
        defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);  
        for (int i = 0; i < newChar.length; i++) {  
            if (newChar[i] > 128) {  
                try {  
                    pinyinStr += PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(newChar[i], defaultFormat)[0].charAt(0);  
                } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                }  
            }else{  
                pinyinStr += newChar[i];  
            }  
        }  
        return pinyinStr;  
    }  
   
    /**
     * 汉字转为拼音
     * @param chinese
     * @return
     */
    public static String ToPinyin(String chinese){          
        String pinyinStr = "";  
        char[] newChar = chinese.toCharArray();  
        HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();  
        defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);  
        defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);  
        for (int i = 0; i < newChar.length; i++) {  
            if (newChar[i] > 128) {  
                try {  
                    pinyinStr += PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(newChar[i], defaultFormat)[0];  
                } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                }  
            }else{  
                pinyinStr += newChar[i];  
            }  
        }  
        return pinyinStr;  
    }
    
    /**
     * 汉字转为拼音并获取大写的首字母;
     * @param chinese
     * @return
     */
    public static String ToPinyinAndGetFirstChar(String chinese){          
        String pinyinStr = "";  
        char[] newChar = chinese.toCharArray();  
        HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();  
        defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);  
        defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);  
        for (int i = 0; i < newChar.length; i++) {  
            if (newChar[i] > 128) {  
                try {  
                    pinyinStr += PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(newChar[i], defaultFormat)[0];  
                } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                }  
            }else{  
                pinyinStr += newChar[i];  
            }  
        }  
        return pinyinStr.toUpperCase();
    }  
}

测试载体Students.java

package com.fangshuo;

public class Students {  
	private int age;  
    private int score;
    private String name;
    
    public Students() {
		super();
	}

	public Students(int age, int score, String name) {
		super();
		this.age = age;
		this.score = score;
		this.name = name;
	}
	
    public Students(int age, int score){  
        super();  
        this.age = age;  
        this.score = score;  
    }  
      
    public int getAge() {  
        return age;  
    }  
    public void setAge(int age) {  
        this.age = age;  
    }  
    public int getScore() {  
        return score;  
    }  
    public void setScore(int score) {  
        this.score = score;  
    }
    public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}  
	
}

测试类：

package com.fangshuo;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;

public class SortTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	 List<Students> students = new ArrayList<Students>();  
         students.add(new Students(23, 100,"阿里azj001"));  
         students.add(new Students(27, 98,"腾讯bzj002"));  
         students.add(new Students(29, 99,"百度dzj003"));  
         students.add(new Students(29, 98,"华为czj004"));  
         students.add(new Students(22, 89,"择天ezj005"));  
         
         students.add(new Students(22, 89,"a择天ezj005"));  
         students.add(new Students(22, 89,"A择天ezj005"));  
         
         students.add(new Students(22, 89,"8择天ezj005"));  
         students.add(new Students(22, 89,"0择天ezj005"));  
         
         students.add(new Students(22, 89,"z择天ezj005"));  
         
         students.add(new Students(22, 89,"_z择天ezj005"));  
         Collections.sort(students, new Comparator<Students>() {  
             @Override  
             public int compare(Students o1, Students o2) {
             	Students newo1 = new Students();
             	newo1.setName(PinyinUtils.ToPinyinAndGetFirstChar(o1.getName()));
             	Students newo2 = new Students();
             	newo2.setName(PinyinUtils.ToPinyinAndGetFirstChar(o2.getName()));
             	int i = newo1.getName().substring(0, 1).compareTo(newo2.getName().substring(0, 1));
                 return i;
             }
         });  
         for(Students stu : students){  
             System.out.println("score:" + stu.getScore() + ":age" + stu.getAge()+":name:"+stu.getName());  
         }  
	}
}

执行结果如下：

知识点：
字符串比较大小，可以使用现有的工具类：int result = str1.compareTo(str2);该方法返回两者的ASSIC 码的差值;

赏

谢谢你请我吃糖果